Power-transmitter.



E. FABIAN & F. 'WIDMARK.

POWER TRANSMITTER.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 6, 1910.

Patented Apr. 16; 1912.

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Patented Apr. 16, 1912.

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.POWEB. IBANSMITTEB. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 6,1910.

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E. FABIAN & I. WIDMARK;

POWER TRANSMITTER. APPLIOATION FI ED JUNEB, 1910.

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E. FABIAN' M". WIDMARK'.

POWER TRANSMITTER. APPLIOATION FILED JUNE 6,1910.

1 23,366,- Patented Apr 16, 1912.

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E. FABIAN & F. WIDMARK.

PZJWBR TRANSMITTER. 0 APPLICATION FILED JUNHB, 1910.

1,023,366. Patented Apr. 16, 1912.

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. with the drive wheels of the vehicle.

EDWIN FABIAN FREDBICK WIDMARK, OF ST. PAUL, MINNESOTA.

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Patented Apr. 16, 1912.

Application filed June 6, 1910. Serial No. 565,396.

1,023,366. Specification of Letters Patent.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, EDWIN FABIAN and FREDRIGK WIDMARK, citizens of theUnited States, residing. at- St. Paul, in the county of Ramsey and Stateof Minnesota, have invented new and useful Improvements inPower-Transmitters, of which the following is a specification.

Our invention relates to improvements in power transmitters, andparticularly, al though not exclusively, to those used in connectionwith motor vehicles.

Our object in this invention .is to provide a device which shall. besimpler and lighter,

more efficient in transmitting power and more flexible in control thanthose now in use and to embody in its structure means fordifferentiating the speeds of the drive wheels. The device with which Weseek to accomplish these results is a rotary power pump mounted onapower shaft and supplying a fluid medium to similar rotary fluid motorswhich are directly connected The motors are independent of each other inaction but are driven by fluid supplied to the two motors from a commonsource and under uniform pressure, so that the two wheels may. assumedifferent speeds under the same pressure, as required by changes in thedirection of travel of thevehicle. The principal advantages which ourmachine has over other transmitters now in use are in the efficiency oftransmission, 1n-

volving no theoretical loss of power at different transmitted speeds,the. efficiency of our rotary pistons at low speeds, and the automaticaction of the diflerential, to-

gether with complete and flexible control of the transmitted speed and asafe and reliable reversing mechanism.

In the drawings by which we have illustrated our invention andwhieh formpart of this specification, Figure 1 is a plan of an automobile havingour transmitter i11- terposed between the engine and the rear drivewheels; Fig. 2 shows an elevation of the pump casing of our device withthe outer shell cut away on the line A-A, Fig. 1, and showing differentpositions of the controlling lever; Fig. 3 is a plan of our device withthe upper part of the outer shell removed showing the pump casing; Fig.4 is a detail side view of the controlling valve; Fig. 5v is a'bottomview of the same; Fi 6 is a section on the line- B--B, Fig.

4; ig. 7 is a section on the line C-C, Fig.

#1; Fig. 8 is a section on the line D- -D, Fig. 3, showing oil passageson the outlet side of the drive pump; Fig. 9 is a partial section on theline E-E, Figs. 3 and 8; Fig.

10 is a section on the line F-F, Fig. 3,

showin oil passageways on the inlet side of the drive pump; Fig. 11 is apartial section showing an alternate construction of the piston key;Fig. 12 is a. plan of the valve casing with the valve in position, andFigs. 13 to 23 inclusive, illustrate mechanical details of our device.

As we have designed our device, it is made up of an outer shell Acomposed as hereinafter stated of several parts. a rotary drive pump Bon the engine shaftamotors C and D operated .by fluid from the pump Band connected with the drive wheels, and a control valve casing E.

The shell or casing A is made up of top and bottom parts 2 and 3,fastened together to form an 'oil tight casing by suitable bolts 4.lVithin the shell, attached thereto by lugs 5, lying between the parts 2and 3 thereof, is the pump casing for the pumps B, C and D. This casingconsists of a main portion 6 whiclrhas cylinders for pumps B, C, and Dand connectingpassageways, and cylinder heads 7, 8 and 9 inclosing thepumps B, C, and D respectively.

The pump B consists of two rotary pistons l0 rotatably mounted on cranks11 of the shaft 12 and separated by the septum 13 which divides thecylinder into two piston chambers 11 and 15. These cranks are situated180 degrees apart on the shaft 12 for the purpose of equalizing the flowof oil from the pump. Each of the rotary pistons is made up ofacylindrical body 16 having a recessed guidepiece 17 in its peripherywhich engages a piston key 18 extending across the pump B, through theseptum and the recesses of both pistons as shown in Figs. 8- and 10 ofthe drawings. The form of the key 18 is like that of the key 45 morefully hereinafter described.

Each cylindrical piston is mounted on its central axis and as itoscillates upon the cranks of the rotating shaft, guided by the pistonkey 18, its periphery describes a circle close'to the pump casing, withwhich each piston makes an oil tightjoint by means of transv rse metalpacking strips 19 set in slots on its periphery and expanded by radiallyacting springs 20" in the piston body. The lateral faces of. the pistonhave i metal packing rings 21 between the piston body 16 and thecylinderheads, and septum 13; These packing rings are circular, lying in slotsnear the periphery of the piston and extending to the. recessed guide,17. Each packingring has an outwardly beveled edge I fitting a similarlybeveled side of the slot in which it lies, and is made of springmaterial having a less curvature thanthe slot in which it lies, so thatthe spring of. the 10 ring outwardly forces its beveled edge against thebeveled side of the slot and causes-the ring to rise out of the slot andress against the wall of the piston chamhas a bearing 22 in the'pumpcasing, passes out through the stuflin box 23, and rests in the ballbearing 24 in t e shell A. The piston key 18 lying parallel with theshaft 12, serves to, separate the ingress and 0 egress ports of the pumpB and'from those ports extend through the valve casing E, passagewaysconnecting with the motors G and D, and the reservoir 25 which occupiesthe space between the shell A and the pump 25 casing. From the egressport 26 of the pump B- extends the passageway 27 con nectingat 28 to thepipe cooler 29 which extends below the shell A, across the frame of thevehicle, forming a complete circula- 30 tion for the fluid. At 30 themotor feed pipe-joins the circulation taking fluid from either or bothdirections in the pipe'coolen The ingress pipe. 31 connects to aningress passage 32 in the. valve casingE and through 35 this withthevalve'port 33.

- The motors G and D are similar in con-- struction to the'drive pump Band are designed to be run at their'full capacity by the fluid pumpedthrough the pump B. The pistons 34 of these motors: are mounted onshafts'35 and 36 lying on the axis of the drive wheels 37 and 38andconnected with the respective drive wheels but are independent ofeach other. The two motorsarelaterally symmetrical about the axis of the-pump B. Each shaft has-a bearing 39 in the pump casing, and a stufiingbox'40. The

end 41 o the shaft engages a sleeve 42 which 7 also engages the. end 43of the drive axle of a wheel. The sleeve 42 is supported in a ballbearing'box By this means the short shafts carryingthe motor pistons maybe readily removed from the machine. A piston-key common to the motors'C andD, extendinggantirely across .them and divides the ingres andegress ports. of the motors. r Between the motors C .and D and the pumpB, directing and controlling theflow of fluid from the pump to themotors, lies the controlling valve 46 in the valve casing E. The valvecasing E is situate directly below' the pump B and the valve 46, whichis conical in its outlines, is fitted to a conical-valve chamber 47extending across the er, producinga tight joint. The shaft 12- 'nectsthe bridge with'the piston key 45 and serves to separate the ingress andegress 'has'a slotted passa e 49 opening on the bottom of the valve orits entire length and having an expanded part 50 at its large end, whichopens through the top of the valve into a-port 51, said port extendingbut half the length of the valve. At the small and of the cone the bodyportion of the valve is cut away both at the top and sides to form aby-pass .52which extends around the passageway 49 toward the end of thecone. as

clearly shown in Fig. 10 ot the drawings.

The sides are cut away throughout the entire length of the valve andform the valve bearings which divide the valve cham- 8 of the drawings.1

The valve chamber'has, in its larger portion, the port 33 mentione.dabove, registering with the enlarged passage 50 of the valve, and twoports 53 and 54 in its'upper part (separated by the bridge 55) which arefitted to register with the port .51 'when'the valve is turned to theproper position. At its small end the valve chamber has a single egressport 56 on its lower side, connecting through the passage 57 with theingress port 58 of the pump B and registering with-the ber into sectionsas clearly shown in Fig.

passage 49 of the valve at its narrow part,

at the same time that the port '51 registers with the bridge 55 andregistering withthe by-pass 52 at all other positions of said valve.

Above the bridge 55, in the assembled transmitter, rests-a partition 59which conpassages to the motors C and D. .These passages (SO-and 61extend across both motors and open at the ports 53 and 54 in the valvecasingE.

The passage 57 receives fluid from the valve chamber" 47 and alsothrough the feed pipe 62 from thereservoir- 25. In the uper part of thebasing '6 is an inclosed chamer 63 connected by a pi e 64 with the valvea ingress passage 32.

his chamber furnishes an overflow and air cushion for the motor side'of'the oil circulation; In the. upper part of the'shell A is a fillingaper-- ture closed by the plug 65 and at-the' bot tom of the shell, avdrain closed by the plug-66. p a

At the large end of the valve '46, outside the pump casing and withinthe shell A, is a lever 67 fitted to rotate the valve between theextreme positions 68 and 69' shown'in broken'lines in Fig. 2, theselimits being determined by'the registeringjof the port 51 with the orts54 and 53'." The lever 67 has a split en 70in which travel'sthewrist-pin 71 of the crank 72, which operates the lever.

the steering wheel, through the connected sleeve 74, lever 75, link 76,bell crank 77,

link 78 and the lever arm 79. Obviously it could also be operated by afoot pedal or any other similar device. I

The power is applied to shaft 12 of the pump B from the engine 80.through a drive shaft 81.

S2 is brake 83 which may be applied hicle. a

In the alternate construction shown, in Fig. 11, the key 45 is replacedby a troughshaped piece 84 extending across the motors in the sameposition as the vpiston key. Transversely in this'trough moves thesliding head 85 which is pivoted on the bar 86. This bar is rigidlyconnected with the v piston body and guides it in its oscillationi. Thesprings 87 form a tight joint with the outer sides of the trough andthe-use of two lateral packing rings 21 is shown.

.The construction'shown in our drawings is especially adapted to. therequirements of an automobile. The form may bechange'd, however, to thatof a simple transmission, with a single pump and a single motor a leverrbperating an emergency whichmay be .in any desired position relativetoeachother. The coolerpipes may be made the connection between themotor and the pump. I a y In operating our device the control valve 46manipulated by the controlling lever 73, is set in the position shown inFigs. 2 and 8 with the port 51 closed against the bridge The engine isstarted and the pistons 10 of the pump B oscillate, pumping oil throughthe port 26 and passage 27 into the cooler 29. ,When thes e'parts arefull, the oil flows through-the pipe 31 and the passage 32 to the port33 and into the slotted passage 49. Since the port 51 is closed, the oilflows-along thepassage 49 through the port 56 and passage 57 to theingress 'port 58 of the pump B. This circulation of oil may continueindefinitely or until the control valve is moved-toward one ofthepositions 68 or 69.. a g

If the vehicle is to be started forward, the valve is turned toward theposition 69 so that the port 51 will-register with the port 53 and thepassageway 60. The oil flowing through this port is distributed equallyto the two motors C and D and causes them-to rotate equally. The oilpassing through.

\ the motors returns through the port 54 to to the veing the port 51 toregister with the port 54 pass 52, then through the port 56 and pas-..'sage 57 to the pump B.

'When the vehicle is advancing and it is desirable to either retard itsspeed or reverse its motion, the valve 46 being in the position 69, itis gradually moved toward the position 68. As it moves to this position,the openingof the port 51 is shut off by the bridge 55pand when thevalve is in "the position shown in Figs. 2 and 8, there is ,no flow of.oilthrough the port 51. The

same movement brings the passage 49 to register with the port 56 andtheflow of oil from the'pumptraverses the passage 49 and completes itscirculation through the port 56 and passageway 57. As the vehicle isstill moving forward under its momentum, the pistons 34 in the motors Cand D con- 'tinue to rotate and act as pumps upon the oil confinedwithin the piston chamber. This oil being pumped by the motors throughthe port 54, traverses the by-pass 52 and returns to the motor throughthe port 53. The motors may continue to run in this way indefinitely. Asthe movement of the valve toward the position 68 continues, the wall ofthe valve impinges upon the port 54 lessening the aperture throughwhichthe oil can pass from the motors and tending to retard theirmotion, and at the same time the port 56 begins to open into the by-pass52. As the port 51begins to connect with the port 54, the connectionbetween t-he passage 49 and the port 56 is closing and the pressure ofoil is exerted against the forward motion of the motor piston. Thispressure increases with the opening of port 54 and under the action ofthe pump B until the pistons 34 are stopped and their motion reversed.

In turning the vehicle, the dragging of one wheel permits the oil orother fluid to follow the line of least resistance and feed more rapidlyto the opposite motor.

Having desc rjbed our invention, what we claim as new and' desir" toprotect by Let ters Patent is:

1. A power transmitter comprising in combination, a driving element, apump. connected with said driving element, driven ele-. ments, motorsconnected with said driven elements, valved passageways communicatingwith said pumps and motors, a'body of fluid connecting said pump. andmotors through said passageways and a fluid tight reservoir supported bysaid driven elements combination, a drive shaft, a rotary power pump onsaid shaft, rotary fluid motors, a

body of fluid connecting said pump and motors, driven elements withwhich said ils thessme fluid Pressure and a fluid tight motors areconnected independently, adapt ing them to assume different speeds.under casing'forming a combined jacket and oil reservoir surrounding,said pump-and motors- 3. ,In' a power transmitter, a drive shaft, pumppistons on. said shaft, driven shafts,- motor pistons on saiddriven-shafts, cylinders integral with each other surrounding said pumpand motor pistons, passageways betweensaid cylinders, a body of fluidconnecting said'pump and motor cylinders through said passageways, asingle valve for controlling the flow of said fluid. to rotate themotors in either direction, or prevent the operation of the same/ and, afluid tight casing surrounding said cylinders in communlc'ationtherewith and supported by said driven shafts; t

i 4. In a power transmitter a driving shaft,

pump pistons on said shaft, driven shafts; motor pistons on said shafts,integral pump and motor cylinders for said pump and motor pistons,passageways between the pump and motor cylinders, a body of fluid .com-

municat-ing with said cylinders throughsaid passageways','a pipe coolerfor said fluid,

' a valve for controlling the flo'wof the fluid whereby said motors may.be operated in;

' either direction at any desired-speed. and a fluidtight casing"surrounding said cylinders m' communication therewith and supported aon said driven shafts. t

.5, A power transmitter comprising in I combination, a driving element,a pump on] said driving'element, driven elements, mo'- tors on saiddriven elements adjaeent'to said pump, a body" of fluid communicatingwith said pu and motors, a valve for control'- ling the ow of saidfluid, a pipe cooler for theflsaineand'a fluid tight casing supportedjacket and wandmot'orsy p 6 A power .Jtransmitter comprisingin bysaiddriven elements forming a combined reservoir surrounding said pumpcombination a' drive shaft, a rotary power pump on-sa1d"s haft, rotaryfluid motors,-

' driven elements with which said motors are,

.' connected; a fluid supply casing surrounding" said pump and motors,and a body of fluid in said casing communicating with and con: nect-ingsaid 'pump and motors. 7. A ower transmitter comprising in combinationa', drive shaft, a rotary power pump on said shaft; rotary fluid motors,driven elements with which said motors are connected; passagewaysconnect-ing said pump and motors, a valve in said passageways, a fluidtight reservoir surrounding saidpunip and motors, means within saidpump, motors and easing. In testimony whereof, we

reservoir for operating said valve, and a body of fluid in saidreservoir communicating with and connecting said pump and motors. k

8. A power transmitter comprising in combination, a drive shaft, dri'venshafts,

a pump on said drive shaft, motors on said driven shafts, a fluid tightreservoir sup ported on saidodriven shafts and surround-- ing said pumpand motors, an air cushion chamber within the reservoir in communicationwith the motor, passageways 'between the pump and motors, a body offluidconnecting said pump'and motors through said passageways, and avalve for controlling the flow of said fluid, said passageways being incommunication with said reservoir.

9. A power transmitter comprising in combination, a-driving element,driven elements, a pump on said driving element, mo.- tors on saiddriven elements, a fluid tight reservoir surrounding said pump andmotors communicating therewith and supported by said driven elements,passageways between the pump and motors, a body of fluid m saidpassagewaysforming a fluid circuit between said pump and motors and avalve adapted to regulate-the flowof the 1 fluid from the pump tooperate the motors in either direction and tointercept the flow of saidfluid and return the same to the pump thereby eliminating themotors fromthe fluid circuit."

10. A ower trans itter comprising a drive sha and driven shafts, a pumpon the drive shaft,"inotors on the driven shafts,

an oil tight casing supported on said driven shafts surrounding saidmotors and-pump and'adapted toform a combined jacket and reservoir forsaid motors and pump, a body of fluid contained in said pump,'motors andcasing and valved passageways communicating-with said pump, motors andcasing.

1 11.- A. wer transmitter comprising a drive she and. driven shafts, apump on the drive shaft, motors on the driven shafts, an oil tightcasing supported on said driven shafts surrounding said motors and pumpand adapted to form a combined jacket and reservoir for said motor and'pump, a body of fluid contained said pump, motors and easing, an aircushlon chamber within the casing connected withthe motors andvalved K.H. IIANSEN, .L E. S'rmntnm,

FABIAN. I

